Origin of the vertebrate pectoral girdle and pectoral fins

Brazeau et al 2023 report,"The past 150 years of debate has been shaped by two contentious theories: the ventrolateral fin-fold hypothesis and the archipterygium hypothesis. The latter proposes that fins and girdles evolved from an ancestral gill arch. Although studies in animal development have revived interest in this idea, it is apparently unsupported by fossil…

Fossil evidence for a pharyngeal origin of the vertebrate pectoral girdle

Figure 7 from Fossil Fishes from China Provide First Evidence of Dermal Pelvic Girdles in Osteichthyans

Pectoral girdle, Description, Anatomy, & Function

The first vertebrate sexual organs evolved as an extra pair of legs

Evo-Devo of the Fin-to-Limb Transition

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New analysis of ancient fish may explain how shoulder evolved

Schematic diagram of pectoral girdle and proximal appendicular bones in

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